Lewis Diagrams and Chemical Reactions

Cat-ions are pawsitive.


Learning Intentions

  • To learn how to use Lewis diagrams to represent ions
  • To learn different ways of representing the same chemical reaction


Notes

Open the Ionic and Covalent Bonding Simulation from the American Association of Chemistry Teachers.

  • Create a compound with an ionic bond.

  • Create a compound with a covalent bond.

  • Create a compound consisting of only one element.


Class Questions

Using the Internet, answer the following questions. We will go over the answers in class.

  1. In a Lewis diagram, what do each of the following represent?

    A Lewis diagram of a hydroxide ion with a charge of -1.

    1. A dot
    2. A single line
    3. A double line
    4. A triple line
    5. A chemical symbol
    6. Square brackets
    7. A number, plus sign, or minus sign in superscript above square brackets
  2. Define the following terms:
    1. Valence electron
    2. Ionic bond
    3. Covalent bond
    4. Acid
    5. Base
    6. Salt
    7. Neutralization reaction
    8. Cation
    9. Anion
    10. Polyatomic ion
    11. Diatomic element
  3. How do you know if a compound has ionic or covalent bonds?
  4. How do you create the name for an ionic compound?
  5. How do you create the name for a covalent compound?
  6. What are the 7 diatomic elements?
  7. What do the following subscripts mean in a chemical equation?
    1. (s)
    2. (l)
    3. (g)
    4. (aq)
  8. What is the formula and ionic charge of the following polyatomic ions?
    1. Ammonium
    2. Nitrite
    3. Nitrate
    4. Sulfite
    5. Sulfate
    6. Hydrogen sulfate (a.k.a. bisulfate)
    7. Hydroxide
    8. Phosphite
    9. Phosphate
    10. Hydrogren Phosphate
    11. Perchlorate
    12. Chlorite
    13. Chlorate
    14. Acetate
    15. Carbonate
    16. Hydrogen carbone (bicarbonate)
    17. Peroxide
    18. Cyanide


Partner Questions

With your partner, for each of the following chemical reactions,

  • Write out the balanced chemical reaction (include subscripts showing the state).
  • Draw out the Lewis diagrams of the products and reactants.
  • Describe the type of reaction.
  1. Oxygen gas rusts solid iron to produce solid iron (III) oxide.
  2. Solid potassium reacts with liquid water to produce aqueous potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
  3. Electricity is passed through liquid water to produce hydrogen gas and oxygen gas.
  4. Aqueous sodium hydroxide reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid to produce aqueous table salt and water
  5. Aqueous silver nitrate reacts with aqueous table salt to produce solid silver chloride and aqueous sodium nitrate. 
  6. Methane gas (CH4) burns with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapour.